Topic: CRISPR-associated guide RNA and Cas9 gene editing can be used to modify specific genes, and in this case we explore the possibility of disruption to the CCR5 receptor in human cells to reduce or prevent HIV-1 infection, conferring resistance to the virus in future immune cells.

Objective: The objective of this experiment is to design a statistically safe guiding-portion of RNA that could guide the Cas9 enzyme to remove or alter a specific 32 base pair portion of the CCR5 gene- which is about 6,065 nucleotides in length. Ideally, it will successfully cut a double stranded break in DNA within exon 4, to stop the production of a functional receptor that HIV relies on for cell entry.

Importance: This study is important because it demonstrates how gene editing can be used to directly modify human cells to resist viral infections such as HIV. It also contributes to the development of more precise and long-term treatment, potentially decreasing reliance on lifelong medications, and improving patient outcomes and quality of life.